Hypertension, or persistently high blood pressure, is one of the leading risk factors for heart disease, kidney damage, and stroke worldwide. According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), hypertension is defined as having a systolic blood pressure of 140 mmHg or a diastolic blood pressure 90 mmHg [1]. While lifestyle changes and medications are the standard treatment, Ayurveda offers natural herbs that may help support the body in regulating blood pressure levels by addressing stress, improving circulation, and balancing the body’s doshas. Ayurveda views hypertension as a systemic imbalance, primarily of Vata and Pitta doshas, and aims for holistic management that complements conventional care.
Ayurvedic Herbs for High Blood Pressure
Ayurvedic herbs such as Sarpagandha, Arjuna, and Ashwagandha are traditionally used to help manage high blood pressure (BP) by supporting stress reduction, promoting relaxation, and enhancing blood flow. Incorporating these natural remedies should always be done in consultation with a qualified healthcare provider, especially if you are taking blood pressure medication.
Here is the list of Ayurvedic medicinal herbs that may support hypertension management:
1) Sarpagandha (Rauvolfia Serpentina)
Sarpagandha is a well-known Ayurvedic herb that naturally may help lower high blood pressure. It contains special plant compounds called alkaloids (e.g., reserpine and ajmaline), which are known to calm the nervous system and widen blood vessels. By acting as a sedative and reducing peripheral resistance, it helps lower the heart rate and relaxes tight blood vessels [2]. This combined effect helps in managing hypertension and reducing strain on the heart.
2) Garlic/ Rasona (Allium sativum)
Garlic is packed with beneficial compounds that may support healthy blood pressure and cholesterol levels.
One key component, the sulfur compound allicin, plays a vital role in improving blood flow and relaxing blood vessels by promoting the production of nitric oxide [3]. These effects can contribute to lower blood pressure. In fact, a meta-analysis found that regular garlic consumption may reduce systolic pressure by an average of 8.3 mmHg and diastolic pressure by 5.5 mmHg in individuals with hypertension [4]. This makes garlic a simple yet powerful addition to your daily routine for heart health.
3) Arjuna (Terminalia Arjuna)
Arjuna bark is one of the best Ayurvedic remedies for heart health. Research suggests its use strengthens the heart muscles, improves blood circulation, and helps lower cholesterol levels, making it useful for controlling hypertension [5]. Its cardiotonic properties are believed to enhance cardiac function and support coronary blood flow.
4) Ashwagandha (Withania Somnifera)
Ashwagandha is an adaptogenic herb that is primarily known to lower stress and anxiety—two major triggers of high blood pressure [6]. It also supports heart health by helping reduce elevated cortisol levels.
Note: Always consult a doctor before starting Ashwagandha, especially if you are on blood pressure medication or have any underlying health conditions, as it may interact with prescribed medications.
5) Amalaki – (Emblica Officinalis)
Amalaki, or Amla (Indian gooseberry), may act as a natural ayurvedic home remedy for hypertension. Rich in Vitamin C, polyphenols, and potassium, Amla supports oxidative balance and vascular relaxation, and may help maintain normal blood pressure [7]. The fruit’s high concentration of antioxidants and Vitamin C helps scavenge free radicals, supporting vascular wall health. Potassium is an essential micronutrient known to help relax blood vessel walls, which supports healthy blood pressure [8].
6) Brahmi (Bacopa Monnieri)
Brahmi, found in the wetlands of India, is also known as the herb that is believed to support memory and enhance learning ability. Brahmi contains bacosides, which exert antioxidant and anxiolytic (anxiety-reducing) effects, and may help reduce oxidative stress and stabilize blood pressure in some studies [9].
7) Jatamansi (Nardostachys Jatamansi)
Jatamanasi herb is abundant with antioxidants that may protect the arteries from damage due to free radicals. It is traditionally used to calm the nervous system, which may help reduce stress-induced hypertension. An open clinical trial on patients with essential hypertension found that administration of Jatamansi Churna over 60 days resulted in a significant reduction in mean systolic blood pressure and mean diastolic blood pressure [10].
8) Triphala
Triphala (a combination of Amalaki, Bibhitaki, and Haritaki) is an Ayurvedic preparation often used to promote digestion and detoxification. As a study indicates, its regular consumption may help in maintaining the right BP levels, may reduce cholesterol levels, and aid in eliminating plaque from blood vessels [7]. Its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties support overall cardiovascular health.
9) Punarnava (Boerhaavia Diffusa)
Punarnava is a beneficial herb that may support blood flow and heart wellness by potentially lowering blood cholesterol levels. It contains boeravinones, which have diuretic effects and may help regulate fluid balance and blood pressure by promoting the elimination of excess water [11].
10) Tulsi (Ocimum Tenuiflorum)
Tulsi (Holy Basil) is a revered herb in Ayurveda. Its antioxidant properties have been linked to lowered blood pressure. Studies suggest that compounds in Tulsi, such as eugenol, may help in reducing blood pressure by acting as a natural calcium channel blocker [12]. This action helps inhibit the movement of calcium into the heart and arterial cells, eventually relaxing the blood vessels.
11) Ajmoda (Apium Graveolens)
Ajmoda, also known as celery seeds, is valued in Ayurveda for its diuretic properties, which can potentially help lower blood pressure by reducing fluid retention. It contains compounds like phthalides, which help relax the muscles in the walls of blood vessels, promoting vasodilation and improving blood flow [13].
12) Gokshura (Tribulus terrestris)
Gokshura, commonly known as puncture vine or tribulus, is used in Ayurvedic medicine to support urinary and reproductive health. It may also help lower blood pressure by acting as a diuretic, thereby supporting the elimination of excess fluid from the body and reducing blood volume [14].
13) Jeera (Cuminum Cyminum)
Jeera, or cumin seeds, is a popular spice used in Ayurvedic cooking and medicine. It contains compounds like cuminaldehyde and thymol, which have been shown to have potential hypotensive effects, helping to lower blood pressure [15]. Incorporating jeera into the diet regularly may help support healthy blood pressure levels.
14) Kesar (Crocus Sativus)
Kesar, or saffron, is a prized spice in Ayurveda known for its numerous health benefits, including its potential to lower blood pressure. It contains compounds like crocetin and crocin, which have been shown to have vasodilatory effects, relaxing blood vessels and reducing blood pressure [16].
15) Rudraksha – An Ayurvedic Practice for Calm (Elaeocarpus Ganitrus)
Rudraksha seeds are revered in Ayurveda for their spiritual and medicinal properties. While not consumed as a typical herb, they are traditionally used in practices to support calmness and stress reduction. They contain alkaloids and other bioactive compounds that have been traditionally used to help lower blood pressure and support overall cardiovascular health [17]. Wearing Rudraksha beads or using a decoction in water is believed to support relaxation, calm stress, and indirectly support healthy blood pressure levels.
Conclusion
High blood pressure is a risk factor for serious heart disease and must be managed. A foundational approach includes modifications to create a healthy lifestyle, such as a healthy and balanced diet and regular exercise.
Many of the above-mentioned ayurvedic herbs can be consumed in the form of powders (churna), decoctions (kwath), or infused in water. These ayurvedic herbs have medicinal properties that are excellent to support the control of blood pressure and keep your heart healthy. It is vital to understand that Ayurvedic remedies are complementary and are not intended to replace conventional medical treatment for hypertension. However, always consult your doctor or a qualified Ayurvedic practitioner before taking ayurvedic medicines or herbal supplements.
Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult your healthcare provider before making any changes to your treatment or using Ayurvedic remedies.
Expert Quote
“Hypertension is often caused by a result of imbalance in Vata and Pitta dosha in the body as per Ayurveda. A holistic approach combining lifestyle regulation, calming herbs like Arjuna, Ashwagandha, and Jatamansi, and dietary adjustments can be combined to help the body maintain cardiovascular balance. For individuals with confirmed hypertension, these remedies must complement, not replace, modern medical care and should be guided by a qualified practitioner.“
— Dr. Sachin Singh
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Can Ayurveda cure hypertension?
Ayurveda does not claim to completely cure hypertension (high blood pressure) in every case, but it offers natural ways to holistically manage, reduce, and control it effectively as a complementary therapy.
Which herbs can be helpful in hypertension management?
Ayurvedic herbs having anti-hypertensive medicinal properties are Sarpagandha, Jatamansi, garlic, Tulsi (Holy Basil), Triphala, amla, and ashwagandha, to name a few.
Is ashwagandha good for hypertension?
Yes, Ashwagandha may help in managing blood pressure. Its adaptogenic properties reduce stress and cortisol levels, which can support healthier blood pressure. However, it’s crucial to consult a doctor before use, especially if you are on prescribed blood pressure medication.
What are the natural ways to prevent hypertension?
Exercising regularly, eating a balanced diet, quitting smoking, and limiting alcohol consumption are natural ways to prevent hypertension.
How does Ayurveda approach high blood pressure?
Ayurveda approaches high blood pressure by balancing the body’s doshas (mainly Vata and Pitta dosha). It focuses on dietary changes, herbal remedies, stress management, and lifestyle modifications to maintain optimal blood pressure and overall health.
What dietary changes are recommended in Ayurveda for high blood pressure?
Ayurveda recommends a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and low-fat dairy. It advises reducing salt, caffeine, and processed foods while incorporating cooling and calming foods like cucumbers, melons, and leafy greens.
What herbs are commonly used in Ayurveda for high blood pressure?
Common Ayurvedic herbs for high blood pressure include Arjuna, Ashwagandha, Brahmi, and Jatamansi. These herbs are believed to help regulate blood pressure and support cardiovascular health.
How does Ashwagandha help with high blood pressure?
Ashwagandha helps reduce high blood pressure by supporting the body’s stress response and lowering anxiety levels, which can contribute to hypertension. It also has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that support cardiovascular health.
What role does garlic play in Ayurvedic treatment for high blood pressure?
In Ayurveda, garlic is used to manage high blood pressure due to its ability to improve blood circulation and relax blood vessels. Its anti-inflammatory and cholesterol-lowering properties further aid in maintaining healthy blood pressure levels.
What lifestyle changes does Ayurveda suggest for managing high blood pressure?
Ayurveda suggests regular physical activity, yoga, and meditation to manage stress and maintain a healthy weight. It also recommends adequate sleep, avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol, and practicing mindful eating to support overall cardiovascular health.
References
[1] World Health Organization. (2023, March 16). Hypertension. World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hypertension
[2] C. T., S., C.K., J., Unnithan, J. K., K.M., P., & Balachandran, I. (2020). Identification of suitable substitute for Sarpagandha (Rauvolfia serpentina (L.) Benth. ex Kurz) by phytochemical and pharmacological evaluation. Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 9(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43088-020-00069-5
[3] Li, Y., Wu, S., Jiang, C., & Zhang, Y. (2018). The protective effect of allicin on cardiovascular diseases and its mechanism. Molecules, 23(10), 2452. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23102452
[4] Ried, K., Frank, O. R., & Stocks, N. P. (2008). Effect of garlic on blood pressure: A systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Cardiovascular Disorders, 8(13). https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2261-8-13
[5] Bharani, A., Ganguli, A., Mohamed, Z., Varghese, R., & Sivaramakrishnan, V. (2002). Safety and efficacy of Terminalia arjuna in chronic stable angina pectoris: An open-label randomized active-controlled trial. Indian Heart Journal, 54(5), 570–575. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12479158/
[6] Remenapp, R. A., Coyle, C. M., Orange, T., Weimer, B., Yamatake, H., & Chiou, C. C. (2022). Monosymptomatic effects of a Withania somnifera extract on the stress response: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Journal of Functional Foods, 90, 104954. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2022.104954
[7] Baliga, M. S., & D’souza, J. J. (2011). Amla (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.), a potential wonder herb in the prevention and treatment of cancer. European Journal of Cancer Prevention, 20(3), 225–239. https://doi.org/10.1097/CEJ.0b013e328344730c
[8] Ghasemian, M., Owlia, S., & Owlia, M. B. (2016). Review of anti-hypertensive plants and their mechanisms of action. International Journal of Cardiology, 203, 60–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.09.076
[9] Rhyu, M. R., Park, S. G., & Cho, S. Y. (2019). Bacopa monnieri extract and its active constituent bacoside A ameliorate hypertension and oxidative stress in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2019, 7643590. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/7643590
[10] Sharma, K., Dhiman, A., & Sharma, M. (2019). Clinical efficacy of Jatamamsi Churna in the management of essential hypertension (Raktagata Vata). International Journal of Ayurvedic Medicine, 10(3), 438–446. https://doi.org/10.47552/ijam.v10i3.1365
[11] Chopra, R. N., Nayar, S. L., & Chopra, I. C. (1956). Glossary of Indian Medicinal Plants. CSIR. (Note: This is a classic text for traditional use verification)
[12] Sudjaroen, H., Harnsilawat, T., & Pinitglang, S. (2012). Anti-hypertensive effect of an aqueous extract of holy basil (Ocimum sanctum Linn.) leaves in experimental animals. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 6(46), 5704–5709. https://doi.org/10.5897/JMPR12.162
[13] Tsi, D., & Tan, B. K. (1997). The mechanism underlying the hypotensive effects of the total aqueous extract of celery seed (Apium graveolens). Life Sciences, 61(18), 1749–1757. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0024-3205(97)00690-X
[14] Ghasemian, M., Owlia, S., & Owlia, M. B. (2016). Review of anti-hypertensive plants and their mechanisms of action. International Journal of Cardiology, 203, 60–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.09.076
[15] Patel, V., & Desai, M. (2011). Diuretic effect of Cuminum cyminum in normotensive volunteers. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 137(2), 694–699. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2011.07.024
[16] Joukar, S., Mirzajani, F., & Masoomi, M. (2013). Acute and chronic effects of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) stigma aqueous extract on the blood pressure in rats. African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 7(38), 2631–2636. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJPP2013.3644
[17] Arora, N., & Pillai, S. (2020). Review of Eleocarpus ganitrus (Rudraksha) in hypertension and neurological disorders. International Journal of Ayurveda and Yoga, 5(1), 32–40. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/372172734
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