Itchy skin, cracked nails, or unusual discomfort? These could be signs of a fungal infection. Fungi are tiny organisms that can live on our skin, nails, mouth, or even inside the body. Fungal infections are medically known as mycoses [1]. Depending on the site and depth, infections may be categorised as:
- Superficial – affecting the outer layers of the skin, hair, or nails (like ringworm or athlete’s foot). These are often the most common [1].
- Subcutaneous – infections involving the deeper layers under the skin.
- Systemic – serious infections that spread to internal organs, typically occurring in people with severely compromised immunity or pre-existing health conditions [1].
Fungal infections often thrive in warm and moist areas of the body. They are more common if your immunity is low, you sweat a lot, wear tight clothes, overuse antibiotics, or have health issues like diabetes. Even everyday habits, like staying in sweaty clothes, can make it worse.
Common symptoms include itchy or red skin, scaly patches, brittle or discoloured nails, white patches in the mouth (oral thrush), or vaginal itching and discharge. In rare severe cases, fever, cough, and tiredness may occur.
With this basic understanding, let’s explore 17 easy home remedies for fungal infections that may offer supportive relief and complement prescribed treatment.
17 Natural Options For Fungal Infections
1. Yoghurt and Probiotics:
Yoghurt and other probiotic-rich foods contain good bacteria that help maintain the body’s natural microbial balance. This is especially useful in fighting yeast infections like candidiasis, where harmful fungi grow when the balance of microbes is disturbed. Some studies suggest that probiotics may help to reduce the colonization of Candida species on mucosal surfaces [5], [2]. Although the exact mechanisms are complex, probiotics are known to support a healthy gut microbiome, which may indirectly influence fungal growth. Regularly including probiotic-rich foods like yoghurt, kefir, and other fermented foods in your diet is a good lifestyle practice that can strengthen your immune system and may lower the chances of recurring fungal infections.
2. Soap and Water:
Regularly washing the affected areas with a mild soap and water removes excess moisture, debris, and fungal spores that might promote the growth of colonies. Remember to thoroughly dry your skin afterwards, patting the skin gently, as fungi love damp environments. This simple practice is a fundamental preventive measure and can significantly reduce the risk of superficial infections like athlete’s foot and ringworm, particularly after sweating or exposure to contaminated surfaces.
3. Apple Cider Vinegar (ACV):
Apple cider vinegar (ACV) has been touted for its numerous health benefits. The acetic acid component in ACV is believed to have antifungal properties. Diluting ACV with water and applying it to the affected area may temporarily restore the skin’s pH balance, making it a less ideal environment for fungi. However, use caution, as ACV can be irritating to broken or sensitive skin.
4. Tea Tree Oil:
Tea tree oil (TTO) has demonstrated notable antifungal activity in laboratory settings [3]. When diluted with a carrier oil, applying tea tree oil topically to affected areas may help manage symptoms of fungal infections like athlete’s foot and ringworm. In addition to its potential antifungal activity, tea tree oil is known to help reduce inflammation and promote healing. However, some individuals may experience skin sensitivity or allergic reactions, so always perform a patch test before use.
5. Coconut Oil:
Rich in medium-chain fatty acids, particularly lauric acid and caprylic acid, coconut oil is suggested to have properties that inhibit fungal growth [1]. It also moisturises your skin. It’s primarily effective against conditions like candidiasis and athlete’s foot. Consuming it may also support your overall immune function.
6. Turmeric:
Turmeric, often called the golden spice, is more than just a cooking ingredient. Its main compound, curcumin, has been studied for its strong antifungal and anti-inflammatory properties [7]. Applying a paste of turmeric powder and water on the affected area may help reduce irritation and offer supportive care during fungal growth. Just keep in mind that turmeric can leave yellow stains on the skin and clothes.
7. Aloe Vera:
Aloe vera is known for its soothing and healing properties. The gel straight from the aloe vera plant has been investigated for antifungal effects and can be applied directly to your skin to soothe irritation associated with fungal infections. It helps hydrate the skin, reduce inflammation, and promote healing. You can also incorporate aloe vera juice into your diet to boost your immune system.
8. Garlic:
Garlic is another powerful natural agent due to its active compound, allicin, which has been shown to possess antifungal properties against Candida albicans [8]. Consuming raw garlic or taking garlic supplements may help support the body’s natural defenses against fungal infections from within. You can also apply crushed garlic topically on the affected areas, but remember to dilute it with a carrier oil first to prevent skin irritation or burns.
9. Oregano Oil:
Rich in carvacrol and thymol, this oil possesses potent antifungal properties in vitro, which can inhibit the growth of various fungi, including Candida. You can use it topically (after dilution with a carrier oil) or take it as a supplement. However, due to its potency, consult with your family doctor before use, especially for internal use.
10. Neem Leaves:
Neem (Azadirachta indica) has natural antifungal properties that may help reduce fungal growth and soothe irritated skin. Boil neem leaves and use the strained water as a rinse, or apply neem oil to affected areas. Always do a patch test before using it widely.
11. Consuming Foods Rich in Vitamin C:
Consuming foods rich in vitamin C, such as citrus fruits, strawberries, bell peppers, and broccoli, can enhance immune function and promote overall health. The body’s ability to fight infection is highly dependent on sufficient Vitamin C [1]. Including these foods in your daily diet can help maintain a robust immune system to keep fungal infection symptoms at bay. Moreover, as an antioxidant, Vitamin C reduces inflammation and oxidative stress.
12. Baking Soda:
Baking soda (Sodium Bicarbonate) helps neutralise skin pH, potentially creating an environment less favourable for fungi. A paste of baking soda and water may ease itching and irritation when applied to affected areas [4]. Adding it to bathwater can also soothe skin, but always rinse well afterwards to prevent dryness.
13. Ginger:
Ginger (Zingiber officinale) has been scientifically studied for its natural fungicidal and anti-inflammatory properties [9]. Boost your immune function by consuming ginger tea or incorporating fresh ginger into your meals. Ginger may help soothe symptoms associated with fungal infections.
14. Honey:
Raw honey, particularly Manuka honey, has been found to possess antifungal and antibacterial properties [10]. When applied to affected skin, it may help reduce irritation, limit fungal growth, and support healing. However, people with diabetes or those with deep wounds should consult a healthcare professional before use.
15. Grapefruit Seed Extract (GSE):
Grapefruit seed extract is an herbal product often used as a natural antifungal agent that can be taken as a supplement or diluted in water for topical use. It may help combat various fungal infections, including those caused by Candida. This extract is rich in antioxidants and supports immune health. Topical application should always be diluted with a carrier oil to prevent skin irritation.
16. Powdered Liquorice:
Liquorice root contains glycyrrhizin, a compound with anti-inflammatory effects and reported antifungal properties. Drinking it as tea or taking it in small amounts may support your immune system and help fight fungal infections. It is critical to note that too much liquorice can cause side effects, especially for people with high blood pressure, and should be used cautiously.
17. Lemongrass Oil:
Last but not least, we have lemongrass oil, known for its antifungal and antimicrobial properties. Applying it topically, diluted with a carrier oil, can be a supportive measure for skin infections and provide a soothing effect when added to baths. Lemongrass oil is effective against various fungi, including those that cause athlete’s foot and Candida infections. Inhaling lemongrass oil can also offer aromatherapy benefits, reducing stress and indirectly supporting immune function.
Essential Precautions Against Fungal Infections
Recognising the symptoms of fungal infections and understanding the causes can significantly reduce your chances of contracting them. There are several precautions you can take to prevent fungal infections:
- Practice good hygiene by washing regularly with soap and water and drying the skin folds and feet thoroughly.
- Wear breathable, loose-fitting clothing, preferably made of cotton, and change out of sweaty clothes promptly.
- Avoid sharing personal items like towels, clothing, and nail clippers.
- Maintain a healthy immune system through proper nutrition, exercise, and stress management.
- Crucially, seek prompt and professional treatment with antifungal medications prescribed by a healthcare provider for effective eradication.
- From the soothing effect of aloe vera to the potential supportive strength of tea tree oil, nature provides many helpful options for managing symptoms associated with fungal infections. Along with these remedies, maintaining good hygiene and always following your doctor’s advice can make a big difference in both treating and preventing these uncomfortable conditions.
Expert Quote:
“Natural remedies can be powerful adjuncts in managing fungal infections, but their efficacy often depends on the type and severity of the infection. These home remedies are not substitutes for prescribed antifungal drugs. It is recommended to get any fungal infection evaluated by a healthcare provider and follow their instructions and prescription for complete eradication and to prevent recurrence.”
Dr. Boban Raju
FAQs
Which foods can help avoid fungal infections?
To avoid fungal infections, choose a diet rich in lean proteins, colourful fruits and vegetables, and whole grains. Probiotic-rich foods like fermented yoghurt or curd can also be beneficial in maintaining a healthy microbial balance.
What does skin fungus look like?
Skin fungus usually presents as varying forms of red, inflamed patches that may peel or blister. Common forms include ringworm, which may appear as a circular, itchy rash with raised edges. These are typical symptoms of a fungal infection, and a proper diagnosis is always recommended.
How do you stop a fungal infection from spreading?
To stop a fungal infection from spreading, keep the affected area clean and dry, avoid sharing personal items like towels or clothes, and wear loose, breathable fabrics. Good hygiene is essential, and in many cases, using the right topical or oral antifungal treatment may be necessary.
Can lemon cure fungal infections?
While lemon has natural acidic and antifungal properties that may slow fungal growth, it cannot be relied upon to cure fungal infections on its own. It can be used as a supportive home remedy, but proper antifungal treatment is often needed for complete recovery.
Do fungal infections occur during winter?
Yes, fungal infections can happen in winter too. Even in cold weather, fungi thrive in warm and moist areas of the body, such as underarms, feet (especially in boots), or skin folds. Maintaining good hygiene and keeping the skin dry helps lower the risk.
Can alcohol cause fungal infections?
Excessive alcohol consumption weakens the immune system, potentially predisposing individuals to various health issues, including fungal infections. It could be one of several causes of fungal infection by compromising the body’s natural defenses.
References
[1] Northwestern Medicine. (n.d.). Fungal infections: Causes, symptoms, and diagnoses. https://www.nm.org/conditions-and-care-areas/infectious-disease/fungal-infections/causes-and-diagnoses
[2] Wu, Y., Sun, J., Jiang, S., Ma, Y., Liu, J., & Li, C. (2022). Probiotics: Potential novel therapeutics against fungal infections. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2021.793419
[3] Wróblewska, M., Szymańska, E., & Winnicka, K. (2021). The influence of tea tree oil on antifungal activity and pharmaceutical characteristics of Pluronic® F-127 gel formulations with ketoconazole. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(21), 11326. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222111326
[4] Dugué, C., Baiyasi, M., Jackson, S., Tolliver, S., & Daveluy, S. (2024). Baking soda and the skin: A review of baking soda in dermatology. Journal of Integrative Dermatology. https://www.jintegrativederm.org/article/122501-baking-soda-and-the-skin-a-review-of-baking-soda-in-dermatology%C2%A0
[5] Hu, H., Merenstein, D. J., Wang, C., Hamilton, P. R., Blackmon, M. L., Chen, H., Calderone, R. A., & Li, D. (2013). Impact of eating probiotic yogurt on colonization by Candida species of the oral and vaginal mucosa in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected women. Mycopathologia, 176(3-4), 175–181. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-013-9678-4
[7] Moghadamtousi, S. Z., Kadir, H. A., Hassandarvish, P., Tajik, H., Abubakar, S., & Zandi, K. (2014). A review on antibacterial, antiviral, and antifungal activity of curcumin. BioMed Research International, 2014, 186864. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/186864
[8] Khounganian, R. M., Alwakeel, A., Albadah, A., Nakshabandi, A., Alharbi, S., & Almslam, A. S. (2023). The antifungal efficacy of pure garlic, onion, and lemon extracts against Candida albicans. Cureus, 15(5), e38637. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.38637
[9] Kalhoro, M. T., Zhang, H., Kalhoro, G. M., Wang, F., Chen, T., Faqir, Y., & Nabi, F. (2022). Fungicidal properties of ginger (Zingiber officinale) essential oils against Phytophthora colocasiae. Scientific Reports, 12(1), 2191. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-06321-5
[10] de Groot, T., Janssen, T., Faro, D., Cremers, N. A. J., Chowdhary, A., & Meis, J. F. (2021). Antifungal activity of a medical-grade honey formulation against Candida auris. Journal of Fungi, 7(1), 50. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof7010050