Home Remedies Treatment for Mouth Ulcer (Canker Sores)

Mouth ulcers, or canker sores, are painful lesions that commonly appear inside the mouth, often on the inner cheeks, lips, or under the tongue. These lesions are generally harmless and tend to heal on their own within one to two weeks. However, they can significantly interfere with daily activities such as eating, speaking, and chewing. While the exact cause is not always known, potential triggers include minor injuries (such as from brushing or biting), stress, hormonal changes, and certain foods—especially spicy or acidic items, as well as ingredients like chocolate or coffee. Several natural remedies may help relieve discomfort and support the healing process, though individual results may vary. In this blog, we explore simple, natural ways to manage mouth ulcer symptoms using common kitchen ingredients, and we highlight when it is crucial to seek professional medical care.

What is a Mouth Ulcer?

A mouth ulcer, also known as a canker sore, is a small, non-cancerous lesion that develops inside the mouth, commonly on the inner cheeks, lips, or at the base of the tongue. In some cases, they may also appear on the soft tissues behind or under the tongue. While mouth ulcers are not life-threatening, they can be extremely painful and uncomfortable. These sores can interfere with everyday activities such as eating, chewing, and even speaking. In this article, we’ll explore some effective home remedies to help relieve the discomfort caused by mouth ulcers. But before diving into natural treatments, it’s important to understand the common causes and triggers behind these painful sores.

Understanding the Different Types of Ulcers

Mouth ulcers can present in various forms, each with distinct characteristics, causes, and treatment needs. Understanding the different types of ulcers is essential for accurate identification and appropriate care.

1. Canker Sores (Aphthous Ulcers)

Canker sores, or aphthous ulcers, are small, shallow lesions that appear on the soft tissues inside the mouth or on the gums. They are not contagious but can be quite painful, interfering with activities such as eating, drinking, and speaking. These ulcers usually heal on their own within one to two weeks without the need for medical treatment.

2. Leukoplakia

Leukoplakia is characterised by thick, white patches in the mouth that cannot be scraped off. These patches often result from chronic irritation, typically linked to tobacco use (smoked or smokeless) or alcohol. While many cases are benign, some may be precancerous, requiring evaluation by a dental or medical professional.

3. Oral Lichen Planus

Oral lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the mucous membranes of the mouth. It often appears as white, lacy patches, red, swollen tissues, or open sores. Symptoms can include burning, pain, or sensitivity, especially when eating spicy or acidic foods. Long-term management may be necessary to control flare-ups and prevent complications.

4. Erythroplakia

Erythroplakia presents as bright red, velvety patches in the mouth that cannot be rubbed off. Unlike leukoplakia, these lesions are more likely to be precancerous or associated with a high risk of malignant transformation. Prompt evaluation and biopsy are essential to rule out oral cancer.

5. Oral Thrush (Candidiasis)

Oral thrush is a fungal infection caused by the overgrowth of Candida yeast, leading to creamy white lesions on the tongue, inner cheeks, or roof of the mouth. It is more common in individuals with weakened immune systems, those using inhaled corticosteroids, or those on antibiotics. Antifungal treatment prescribed by a healthcare provider is typically effective.

6. Mouth Cancer

Mouth cancer can initially present as a persistent ulcer, lesion, or lump that does not heal over time. While these may be painless in the early stages, they can become painful as the condition progresses. Common warning signs include unexplained bleeding, numbness, difficulty swallowing, or changes in voice. Early detection is critical for effective treatment and improved outcomes.

Causes of Mouth Ulcers

The exact cause of mouth ulcers is not always known. However, they are often triggered by damage or irritation to the delicate inner lining of the mouth, cheeks, or tongue. Several contributing factors may increase the risk of developing these painful sores:

• Accidental injuries, such as biting the tongue or inner cheek
• Stress and anxiety, which can weaken the immune response
• Excessive consumption of spicy or acidic foods, including strawberries, pineapples, and citrus fruits like oranges
• Overconsumption of chocolate, which may trigger ulcers in sensitive individuals
• Sleep deprivation, which affects overall health and immunity
• Minor trauma from dental procedures, such as cavity fillings or cleanings
• Use of abrasive or harsh toothpaste, particularly those containing sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS)
• Allergic reactions to certain bacteria naturally present in the mouth
• Hormonal changes, especially during menstruation
• Irritation from dental appliances, including braces or poorly fitting dentures

While many of these triggers may seem minor, they can contribute to the formation of mouth ulcers, especially when combined with other risk factors like stress or a weakened immune system.

Also Read: Tongue Ulcers: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

Effective Treatment for Mouth Ulcers or Canker Sores at Home

If you’re dealing with a painful canker sore, you may be wondering how to treat it naturally at home. The good news is that many effective remedies for mouth ulcers can be found right in your kitchen. These natural solutions may help reduce pain, inflammation, and healing time when used consistently.

Here are some well-known and research-supported home remedies for managing mouth ulcers:

1. Honey

Honey is one of the most widely used natural remedies for mouth ulcers due to its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. It also acts as an emollient, soothing the ulcerated area and helping prevent secondary infections.

How to use:
Apply a small amount of raw, organic honey directly to the sore. Repeat this 2–3 times a day for relief and faster healing.

2. Apple Cider Vinegar (ACV) Mouthwash

Apple cider vinegar contains acetic acid, which has antibacterial properties that may help reduce harmful bacteria in the mouth. It’s often used as a natural mouthwash for inflammation and mouth sores.

How to use:
Mix 1 teaspoon of apple cider vinegar in 1 cup of water. Swish the mixture in your mouth for 30–50 seconds, then spit it out. Rinse thoroughly with plain water afterwards to avoid enamel damage. Use once daily until symptoms improve.

Disclaimer: ACV is acidic and may irritate open sores in some people. Discontinue use if irritation worsens.

3. Coconut Oil

Coconut oil has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antifungal properties. It may help treat ulcers caused by bacterial infections and reduce inflammation and redness.

How to use:
Apply a small amount of virgin coconut oil directly to the ulcer using a clean finger or cotton swab. Repeat 2–3 times daily. Bonus: it also has a mild and pleasant taste!

4. Turmeric Paste

Turmeric contains curcumin, a natural compound known for its powerful anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects. It can help soothe pain and aid healing of mouth sores.

How to use:
Mix a pinch of turmeric powder with a few drops of water

Read more: Turmeric Benefits for Skin

5. Aloe vera

Aloe vera is widely known for its soothing and healing properties, especially for skin conditions. Interestingly, it can also be beneficial in managing mouth ulcers due to its anti-inflammatory and antiseptic effects.

How to use:
Extract fresh aloe vera gel from the leaf and apply it directly to the ulcer using a clean finger or cotton swab. Leave it on for a few minutes before rinsing. This process can be repeated 2–3 times daily to help reduce pain and promote healing.

Disclaimer: Always use pure, fresh aloe vera gel to avoid added preservatives or irritants.

Read more: Aloe vera juice recipe and its health benefits

6. Ghee

Ghee, a clarified butter commonly used in cooking, is also traditionally valued for its potential healing properties, including soothing mouth ulcers. It may help reduce inflammation and provide a protective barrier over the ulcer.

How to use:
Take a small amount of ghee on your finger and gently apply it to the affected area. Allow it to sit for a while before rinsing your mouth with fresh water. Repeat this process daily to help soothe discomfort and support healing.

Read Also: Ghee benefits and side effects

7. Baking Soda

Baking soda is a common home remedy for mouth ulcers due to its ability to neutralise acids and help restore the natural pH balance in the mouth. This action can reduce inflammation and promote healing.

How to use:
Mix a small amount of baking soda in water to form a solution. Swish this mixture gently in your mouth for 60–70 seconds, then spit it out. Repeat this once or twice daily as needed.

8. Garlic

Garlic contains allicin, a compound known for its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties, which may help alleviate pain and support the healing of mouth ulcers.

How to use:
Gently rub a small piece of fresh garlic on the affected area for 2–3 minutes, then rinse your mouth with water. Use caution, as garlic can sometimes cause irritation if applied excessively.

Read more: Garlic benefits and uses for us

9. Saltwater Rinse

Saltwater rinses are a time-tested and effective home remedy for mouth ulcers. Salt helps reduce inflammation, cleanses the affected area, and protect the mouth from harmful bacteria.

How to use:
Dissolve about half a teaspoon of salt in a cup of warm water. Swish the solution gently around your mouth for 2–3 minutes, then spit it out. This rinse can provide soothing relief and promote healing when used several times a day.

Also Read: 10 Best Mouth Ulcer Gels in India

Foods to Avoid

When dealing with mouth ulcers, avoiding certain foods can help reduce irritation and promote faster healing. The following types of foods are best limited or avoided:

• Acidic foods such as citrus fruits (oranges, lemons), tomatoes, and their products, which can aggravate the sores due to their acidity.
• Spicy foods containing hot peppers, chili, and other strong spices that may increase pain and inflammation.
• Crunchy or abrasive foods like chips, crackers, nuts, and raw vegetables, which can physically irritate or scrape the ulcerated areas.
• High-sodium foods, carbonated beverages, alcohol, and very hot drinks, all of which can worsen discomfort and delay healing.

By steering clear of these irritants, you can help create a gentler environment in your mouth, allowing ulcers to heal more effectively.

How to Prevent Mouth Ulcers?

To reduce the occurrence of mouth ulcers, it is important to minimise exposure to common triggers and maintain good oral hygiene. Here are some effective prevention tips:

• Avoid foods that can irritate the mouth, such as acidic, spicy, and crunchy items.
• Use a soft-bristled toothbrush and brush gently to prevent injury to the delicate tissues inside the mouth.
• Stay well-hydrated by drinking plenty of water throughout the day. Limit intake of caffeinated and carbonated beverages, as these can dry out the mouth and increase susceptibility to ulcers.
• Manage stress through relaxation techniques, as emotional stress is a known trigger for many people.

By adopting these habits, you can help protect your mouth from ulcers and promote overall oral health.

When to See a Doctor?

Most canker sores respond well to home remedies and typically heal within one to two weeks. However, if your mouth ulcers do not improve or worsen despite treatment, it is important to seek medical advice promptly.

A healthcare professional may prescribe topical medications such as:

• Candid Mouth Gel (8.7/2%)
• Cinort Paste (0.1%)
• Dologel CT (8.7/2%)
• Fitgel Mouth Ulcer Gel
• Glencore Gel

Persistent or long-lasting mouth ulcers that do not heal, or ulcers accompanied by increasing pain, could be a sign of a more serious condition, including the potential risk of oral cancer. Early evaluation by a doctor or dentist is crucial for proper diagnosis and treatment.

Conclusion

Mouth ulcers, though common and often harmless, can cause significant discomfort and disrupt daily activities. Most ulcers heal with simple home remedies and lifestyle adjustments, such as avoiding irritant foods and maintaining good oral hygiene. However, persistent, painful, or worsening ulcers warrant prompt medical evaluation to rule out serious conditions and receive appropriate treatment. By understanding the causes, preventive measures, and effective treatments, you can better manage mouth ulcers and promote faster healing for a healthier mouth.

Expert Quote

“Mouth ulcers are a frequent yet painful issue that can typically be managed successfully with basic home remedies and good oral care. Natural treatments such as honey, turmeric, and saltwater rinses help alleviate symptoms, but it’s crucial to keep an eye on ulcers that persist or worsen. Seeking prompt medical advice allows for early diagnosis and appropriate treatment, particularly to exclude more serious underlying conditions. Adopting a balanced diet, avoiding irritants, and managing stress effectively are essential steps to prevent future outbreaks.”

– Dr. Kavya Rejikumar

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Disclaimer

This article is for informational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Please consult a healthcare provider before beginning any new wellness practice, especially if you have an existing medical condition or are on medication.

References

• National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research. (2022). Mouth sores (canker sores). U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://www.nidcr.nih.gov/health-info/mouth-sores-canker-sores
• MedlinePlus. (2023). Mouth ulcers. U.S. National Library of Medicine. https://medlineplus.gov/mouthulcers.html
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022). Oral health conditions. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. https://www.cdc.gov/oralhealth/conditions/index.html