Skin tag removal is a common concern for many people, often stemming from cosmetic preference or irritation. If you’re wondering how to remove skin tags, it’s essential to understand what causes them and the safest removal options. Skin tags, known medically as acrochordons, are small, benign (non-cancerous), skin-coloured growths that often appear on areas like the neck, armpits, and under the breasts. While they’re generally harmless, they can be bothersome and cause irritation if they get caught on clothing or jewellery. Skin tags are incredibly common, affecting nearly 50% of the general population [1].
Let’s dive deeper into the causes and appropriate management of skin tags.
What Causes Skin Tags?
Several factors can contribute to the development of skin tags, though the exact mechanism remains under investigation [2]. These factors include:
1. Skin-on-Skin or Clothing Friction
One of the most common causes of skin tags is frequent skin irritation from rubbing. This often occurs in areas where the skin rubs against itself (e.g., armpits, groin, under the breasts) or clothing (e.g., neck/collar area) [1]. The constant mechanical friction can lead to the formation of skin tags over time. Maintaining proper hygiene and wearing comfortable, non-irritating clothing can help reduce this friction.
2. Insulin Resistance and Metabolic Factors
Evidence suggests insulin resistance, a condition in which the body’s cells don’t respond properly to insulin, may be associated with the development of skin tags [3],[4]. People with insulin resistance are more likely to experience various metabolic changes that can affect the skin, potentially leading to the growth of skin tags. Furthermore, skin tags are frequently observed in individuals with obesity and metabolic syndrome [4],[5]. Managing insulin resistance through a healthy diet, regular exercise, and appropriate medical treatment can help reduce the risk of developing skin tags and other related skin issues.
3. Pregnancy and Hormonal Changes
Hormonal changes during pregnancy can cause a variety of skin changes, including the development of skin tags. The increased levels of hormones, such as oestrogen and progesterone, can stimulate the growth of skin cells, leading to the formation of skin tags, particularly in areas prone to friction [1]. It is important to note that these growths often regress or disappear on their own after childbirth, though this is not always the case.
4. Genetics and Age
Genetics plays a role, suggesting some people may have a familial predisposition to developing these growths [1]. Additionally, skin tags become more common with age, particularly after the age of 50.
The Risks of At-Home Skin Tag Removal
While many anecdotal home remedies exist, as a dermatologist, I strongly advise against attempting to remove skin tags yourself. Self-removal carries significant risks of bleeding, pain, incomplete removal, infection, and permanent scarring. More importantly, attempting to remove a growth at home prevents a professional from accurately diagnosing it. What appears to be a skin tag could potentially be a more serious growth that requires medical evaluation.
The following methods are discussed purely for informational clarity, but they are not recommended due to a lack of scientific support and potential for complications:
1. Tea Tree Oil
Tea tree oil is often cited as a home remedy for skin tags due to its known antimicrobial properties [6]. The theory is that it dries out the tag. To use it, anecdotal methods suggest mixing a few drops of tea tree oil with a carrier oil and applying the mixture. However, there is no credible clinical trial or scientific evidence specifically supporting tea tree oil as a safe or effective treatment for skin tags [7]. It can also cause skin irritation, dryness, or allergic reactions.
2. Apple Cider Vinegar (ACV)
Apple cider vinegar’s acidity is believed to break down skin tags. Anecdotal application involves soaking a cotton swab in diluted vinegar and applying it to the tag. This method is not scientifically validated and poses a high risk of severe skin irritation, chemical burns, and hyperpigmentation (darkening of the skin) [7].
3. Other Anecdotal Remedies (Banana Peel, Vitamin E, Garlic)
Other natural remedies like banana peels, Vitamin E oil, and crushed garlic are commonly mentioned but are entirely unproven [7]. For example, the use of banana peels is based on their general antioxidant content, which is irrelevant to skin tag removal [8]. Garlic, in particular, is a known potent skin irritant and can cause significant chemical burns or contact dermatitis when applied directly to the skin for prolonged periods.
Professional Medical Procedures for Safe Skin Tag Removal
For those seeking efficient, reliable, and safe skin tag removal, professional medical procedures performed by a dermatologist offer the most effective solutions with minimal risk of complications.
- Cryotherapy (Freezing): This method involves freezing the skin tag using liquid nitrogen, which destroys the tissue. The tag will typically blister and fall off within 10 to 14 days.
- Electrocautery (Cauterisation): In this procedure, a heated instrument or electric current is used to cauterise (burn off) the skin tag. The heat also helps seal blood vessels, minimising bleeding.
- Ligation: This technique involves tying off the base of the skin tag with a suture or surgical thread to cut off its blood supply, leading to its eventual death and detachment.
- Excision (Surgical Removal): In this surgical procedure, the skin tag is carefully cut off using a sterile surgical blade or scissors after the area has been numbed with a local anaesthetic.
Skin Tag Removal Aftercare Tips
Proper post-procedure care is essential for promoting healing and preventing infection after professional skin tag removal.
- Follow Your Doctor’s Instructions: Adhere strictly to your healthcare provider’s specific instructions for wound care, including how often to change dressings and what topical medications to use.
- Keep the Area Clean and Protected: Keep the treated area clean and dry for the first couple of days following the removal procedure. Once the site is no longer tender, gently cleanse the area with mild soap and water.
- Monitor for Complications: Watch for any signs of complications, such as increased redness, swelling, pus, or persistent pain, and contact your doctor immediately if these occur.
When to See a Doctor About Skin Growths
It is crucial to consult a doctor if you notice any changes in a skin growth, as accurate diagnosis is essential. Do not attempt to self-diagnose or treat any growth that exhibits the following characteristics:
- Changes in Size, Colour, or Shape: Any rapid or noticeable change.
- Pain or Tenderness: If the growth becomes painful or unusually tender.
- Bleeding or Scabbing: If the growth bleeds without trauma, scabs, or fails to heal.
- Uncertainty: If you are unsure if the growth is a harmless skin tag or another type of lesion, such as a mole or skin cancer.
Your doctor, ideally a dermatologist, will assess the growth (often using a tool called a dermatoscope) and provide an accurate diagnosis along with appropriate, safe treatment options. Removal may be recommended for cosmetic reasons or to alleviate chronic discomfort from friction.
Conclusion
Skin tags (acrochordons) are harmless, common growths that typically do not require medical intervention unless they cause discomfort or cosmetic concerns. If you choose to have a skin tag removed, it is paramount to opt for professional removal methods (cryotherapy, excision, etc.), as they are the safest and most effective means of treatment. At-home treatments are not recommended due to a lack of evidence and the significant risks of misdiagnosis, infection, and permanent scarring. To help prevent the formation of new skin tags, maintain a healthy lifestyle by eating a balanced diet, exercising regularly, and managing your weight to mitigate factors like insulin resistance and friction. If you have any concerns about skin growths, consult with your doctor for a proper evaluation and guidance.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Can I remove a skin tag myself?
No. It is generally advised against removing skin tags yourself due to the risks of misdiagnosis, infection, bleeding, and permanent scarring. Consult a dermatologist for safe and effective removal.
How can I remove skin tags naturally?
While some anecdotal methods include using apple cider vinegar or tea tree oil, these methods lack scientific proof, pose a risk of skin irritation and burns, and are not recommended by dermatologists. Professional removal is the safest option.
Why am I developing skin tags?
Skin tags often form due to factors such as friction (rubbing), age, obesity, or an underlying association with metabolic issues like insulin resistance. They are usually harmless but can be bothersome.
What is the most effective skin tag remover?
Dermatologists recommend professional, in-office methods like cryotherapy (freezing), electrocautery, or surgical excision for safe and effective skin tag removal. Over-the-counter products are generally less effective and may carry risks.
Can toothpaste remove skin tags?
There is no credible scientific evidence supporting the use of toothpaste for skin tag removal. It may cause skin irritation and is not a medically recommended method.
Is it safe to remove skin tags at home?
No, removing skin tags at home is not safe. It can lead to complications like misdiagnosis of a potentially serious growth, infection, or scarring. It is safest to have them removed by a qualified healthcare professional.
What nutritional deficiency causes skin tags?
There are no specific nutritional deficiencies that are directly linked to the development of skin tags. However, they are more common in people with metabolic conditions, which can be linked to overall poor diet.
Are skin tags a sign of diabetes?
While skin tags are common and do not directly diagnose diabetes, they may be more prevalent in people who have or are at risk for metabolic disorders like insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes [5].
References
[1] Pandey, A., & Sonthalia, S. (2024). Skin tags. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK547724/
[2] El Safoury, O., Zaher, H., El Komy, M. H., Mahmoud, S., & El Hameed, H. (2007). Study of mast cell count in skin tags. Indian Journal of Dermatology, 52(4), 184. https://doi.org/10.4103/0019-5154.37722
[3] El Safoury, O. S., Abdel Hay, R. M., Fawzy, M. M., Kadry, D., Amin, I. M., Abu Zeid, O. M., & Rashed, L. A. (2011). Skin tags, leptin, metabolic syndrome and change of the life style. Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, 77(5), 577–580. https://ijdvl.com/skin-tags-leptin-metabolic-syndrome-and-change-of-the-life-style/
[4] Fang, C. E. H., Crowe, C., Murphy, A., O’Donnell, M., & Finucane, F. M. (2020). Cross-sectional study of the association between skin tags and vascular risk factors in a bariatric clinic-based cohort of Irish adults with morbid obesity. BMC Research Notes, 13(1), Article 156. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-020-05006-4
[5] Ahn, H. Y., Jun, H. J., & Chung, J. H. (2018). Association between acrochordon and metabolic syndrome in a Korean population. Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology, 11(12), 34–38. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6334812/
[6] Nascimento, T., Gomes, D., Simões, R., & Maria Graça Miguel. (2023). Tea tree oil: Properties and the therapeutic approach to acne—A review. Antioxidants (Basel), 12(6), Article 1264. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12061264
[7] Vishal Gaurav, Anil Kumar Bhoi, & Mehta, N. (2023). Home remedies in dermatology. Indian Dermatology Online Journal, 14(6), 864–870. https://doi.org/10.4103/idoj.idoj_166_23
[8] Savitri, D., Djawad, K., Hatta, M., Wahyuni, S., & Bukhari, A. (2022). Active compounds in kepok banana peel as anti-inflammatory in acne vulgaris: Review article. Annals of Medicine and Surgery, 84, 104868. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amsu.2022.104868